![]() Lateral Quadrupod Grip (Fig 4) – The pencil shaft is stabilized by the inner (lateral) side of the thumb, index, and middle finger while resting on the ring finger.Lateral Tripod Grip (Fig 3) – The pencil shaft is stabilized by the inner (lateral) side of the thumb and index finger while resting on the middle finger. ![]() Dynamic Quadrupod Grip (Fig 2) –The thumb, index, middle, and ring fingers function together while the pencil shaft rests on the ring finger.Dynamic Tripod Grip (Fig 1) – Previously known as the golden standard of all grips, where the thumb, index, and middle finger function together, while the pencil shaft rests on the middle finger.All mature grips use precise finger movement to manipulate a writing tool while keeping the forearm stabilized. There have been four pencil grips now classified as a mature grasp pattern. Traditional pencil grips have evolved through time. Mature grips – There is so much talk about what looks right and what looks wrong. The thumb, index and middle finger will work together as the shaft of the pencil is stabilized by the 4th finger. Movement of the hand can be observed as not graceful. Static Tripod grasp (Fig g.) – The child will use their forearm and wrist movements only keeping fingers stationery and wrists slightly bent.Immature grasp or transitional grip phase – This grip has been observed as young as 2.7 years of age through 6.6 years of age as stated through research (Schneck, CM, and Henderson (1990)). Arm and wrist are floating in the air, and only the index finger extends along the writing tool toward the tip.Ĭhildren will begin to shift between the various pencil grips as their shoulder and arm muscles become stronger and steadier. Digital Pronate Grasp (Fig c.) – Full arm and shoulder movement used to move the writing tool.The writing tool is positioned across the palm of the hand, held with a fisted hand, with slight flexion of the wrist, and the elbow slightly lowered out to the side. Palmer Supinate Grasp (Fig b.) – Full arm and shoulder movement is used to move the writing tool.The writing tool is positioned across the palm of the hand, held with a fisted hand, and the forearm is fully pronated with elbow winged high out to the side. Radial Cross Palmer Grasp (Fig a.) – Full arm and shoulder movement is used to move the writing tool.There is all the freedom, no pressure of writing, and no right and wrong to their drawing. The art of drawing and coloring is often the first exposure and gateway to children learning how to hold a writing tool. Primitive Stages – Observed between 12 and 36 months. So, what does the progression of pencil grasp development actually look like? Typing: Where do we draw the line?,” handwriting is still a valuable life tool. However, as NESCA Occupational Therapist Sophie Bellenis, OTD, OTR/L, reminds us in her recent post, “ Handwriting vs. ![]() The ultimate goal is to reach the ability to hold a writing tool with a functional grasp pattern that promotes adequate speed, accuracy, and legibility without it being the cause of pain or fatigue.įor many kids, achieving fine motor precision and the skill for written output is challenging. The progression through each stage is not uniform or standard. As humans, we all move through these stages at one point. So, what’s the big deal about the stages involved in holding a writing tool, such as a crayon, marker, or pencil? These stages are the foundation for developing the tiny muscles and arches of the human hand, creating strength and endurance during a writing/drawing activity, and developing stability to manipulate the writing tool to use it the intended way. If you get the chance to view and capture each stage along a child’s development, it’s genuinely fascinating! The ability to hold a writing tool is a milestone that moves through various stages from infancy through adulthood. Some milestones stand out more than others, but the little ones are no less important. With kids back in school, drawings, coloring pages, and written work will make their way from the classroom to backpacks and eventually to the fridge for everyone to admire.įrom infancy to adulthood, we all hit many milestones in life.
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